The reasoning of the Australian government is that a parent can bring the child abroad anytime, except when the other parent explicitly tried to prevent that. This can be done by cancelling or demanding the child’s passport per court order so that the mother cannot cross the border or board a plane. This is all explained by the government here.
This is sensible in my opinion since it is much less effort than checking every single parent traveling with a child (same name or not). If the kid has it’s passport, the legal guardian did not try to prevent the child from leaving the country.
So the issue for your wife will be (if anything at all) to prove that she is the mother, which can be done with a birth certificate. Once this is done, the authorities will assume that she has your permission to bring the child abroad since she has the passport of the child.
So I would bring either the birth certificate or a notarized copy, just to make sure that there is no trouble when leaving the country.
Credit:stackoverflow.com‘
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