Upvote:3
It's simply not possible, you need to apply where you reside. You could apply for a Croatian visa (although I think they have the same rules) but you would still have no easy way to reenter the Schengen area.
Depending on your citizenship and situation, an alternative could be to apply for a national long-stay visa, see What are the options for a non-EU national who wants to stay in Sweden for more than 90 days? Such a visa would give you the right to go to Croatia and reenter the Schengen area.