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In Dubai there is no airside transit visa.
However there is no provision to collect checked-in luggage without going through immigration procedures.
Practically, this means that if you have two single journeys (ie, two tickets on two different carriers not on codeshare) and you have checked your bags - you need to be able to enter Dubai to collect your bags.
The transit desk can only assist with boarding passes (and in case your in-bound flight is delayed, they can arrange to get you a seat on the next flight to your destination).
There are three lounge services at Dubai airports. Marhaba, Ahlan and the premium Al Majlis. All provide baggage assistance of some sort, but none are available for transit passengers.
Marhaba offers transit baggage retag service (for a fee, and subject to airline regulations).